Umahluko ophambili phakathi kweyunithi ephambili yeringi ye-SF6 kunye neyunithi engundoqo yegesi yokusingqongileyo yi-insulation medium, ukusebenza kokusingqongileyo, ukhuseleko kunye neemeko zokusetyenziswa.
- I-insulation medium: i-SF6 ring main unit isebenzisa i-sulphur hexafluoride (SF6) igesi njenge-insulation medium, ngeli lixa igesi ehambelana nokusingqongileyo ithatha igesi entsha ehambelana nokusingqongileyo njenge-perfluoroisobutyronitrile (C4F7N) njenge-insulation medium.SF6 igesi inokusebenza kakuhle kunye nokuzinza, kodwa ithathwa njengerhasi eyomeleleyo yegreenhouse effect, enesakhono esikhulu sokutshabalalisa indalo esingqongileyo. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, iigesi ezihambelana nokusingqongileyo zinee-CO2 ezikhutshwayo ezilinganayo kwaye zinciphisa ukukhutshwa kwegesi ye-greenhouse ngaphezu kwe-99%, ibonelela ngeenzuzo ezibalulekileyo zokusingqongileyo.
- Ukusebenza kokusingqongileyo: Nangona iyunithi engundoqo yeringi ye-SF6 inokusebenza okugqwesileyo kokugquma, inempembelelo enkulu embi kakhulu kokusingqongileyo ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kwegesi ye-SF6. Ikhabhinethi yokhuseleko lokusingqongileyo irhasi womnatha womnatha ngokusebenzisa uhlobo olutsha irhasi yokhuselo lokusingqongileyo, ukunciphisa kakhulu impembelelo kokusingqongileyo, ngokuhambelana neemfuno zokhuseleko lokusingqongileyo, yindlela elizayo yophuhliso ring network cabinet.
- Ukhuseleko: Zombini iintlobo zee-RINGC zenzelwe ukhuseleko engqondweni. I-SF6 RINGCs iqinisekisa ukhuseleko lokusebenza ngokuthatha amanyathelo afana nokutshixa oomatshini kunye nemisebenzi yokutshixa umbane. Iyunithi engundoqo yokhuselo lwegesi yegesi iqinisekisa ukutywinwa kunye nokhuseleko lweyunithi ephambili yeringi ngokwamkela i-laser stainless steel welding ivalwe ngokupheleleyo uyilo lwesakhiwo. Okwangoku, zonke iisekethe zokuqhuba zihlanganiswe nge-epoxy resin okanye i-rubber ye-silicone, eqinisekisa ukhuseleko oluphezulu lokusebenza kunye nokusebenza.
- Iimeko zeSicelo: Iikhabhinethi ze-SF6 ring mains zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi ekusebenzeni kwazo okuphezulu kunye nokuzinza, kwaye zifanelekile kwiimfuno ezahlukeneyo zamandla. Iindawo ezivaliweyo ze-Eco-gas zifaneleke ngakumbi kwizicelo ezigxininisa ukusebenza kokusingqongileyo, njengalezo ezidinga ukunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwegesi ye-greenhouse, kunye nezo ziphumeza izicwangciso ze-carbon peaking kunye ne-carbon neutral.
Ukushwankathela, umahluko omkhulu phakathi kwe-SF6 RINGC kunye ne-EGF RINGC ulele kwi-insulation medium, ukusebenza kwendalo, ukhuseleko kunye ne-application scenarios.SF6 RINGCs kunye ne-EGF RINGCs zixhobo eziqhelekileyo kumashishini ombane, kwaye zidlala indima ebalulekileyo kumandla ombane. inkqubo yokuhambisa. Nangona kunjalo, ngophuculo lokwazisa ngokhuseleko lokusingqongileyo kunye nokomelezwa kwemithetho yokhuseleko lokusingqongileyo, imfuno yokusingqongileyo yeekhabhathi eziphambili zegesi kwishishini lamandla iyanda ngokuthe ngcembe. Ngokubhekiselele ekusebenzeni kokusingqongileyo, igesi ye-SF6 esetyenziswa kwiikhabhathi eziphambili ze-SF6 inefuthe eliphezulu lokutshisa i-greenhouse kunye nokufudumala kwehlabathi, ngelixa igesi ehambelana nokusingqongileyo esetyenziswa kwiikhabhathi eziphambili zegesi ezihambelana nokusingqongileyo zihambelana nokusingqongileyo kwaye azichaphazeli kakubi i-atmosphere. ihambelana neemfuno zale mihla zokhuseleko lokusingqongileyo. Ngokweendlela zentengiso, imfuno yeekhabhathi eziphambili zerhasi ehambelana nokusingqongileyo kwishishini lamandla iyanda ngokuthe ngcembe ngokuphuculwa kokuqwashisa ngokukhuselwa kwendalo kunye nokomelezwa okuqhubekayo kwemithetho yokhuseleko lokusingqongileyo. Ziya zisanda iinkampani zamandla ombane kunye neeprojekthi zaqala ukukhetha ukhuseleko lokusingqongileyo irhasi yomsesane wekhabhathi yomnatha, ukhuseleko lokusingqongileyo igesi umsesane wekhabhathi womnatha ngokuthe ngcembe uya kuthatha indawo yemveli SF6 ring womnatha nekhabhathi, ibe yimveliso eqhelekileyo kushishino lwamandla.
I-Seven Stars Electric Co., Ltd. yinkampani ekhethekileyo ekuveliseni iikhabhathi zegesi ezihambelana nokusingqongileyo. Ngeqela lobuchwephesha be-R&D kunye nezixhobo zokuvelisa eziphucukileyo, inkampani iyakwazi ukubonelela abathengi ngomgangatho ophezulu wokusingqongileyo werhasi yeringi yeemveliso eziphambili kunye nezisombululo. Le nkampani uzibophelele ekukhuthazeni isicelo iikhabhathi irhasi umsesane womnatha ngokusingqongileyo kushishino lwamandla, ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zabathengi iimveliso ezinobungani kokusingqongileyo, kunye nokunceda ishishini lamandla liphuhlise ngendlela ehambelana nokusingqongileyo noluzinzileyo.
Kukho iintlobo ezininzi ze-vacuum zangaphandle ze-vacuum breakers, kunye ne-ZW32 kunye ne-ZW20zezona zininzi
ethandwayo emarikeni, ngoko yintoningumahluko phakathi kwethem? Indlela yokukhetha?
I-ZW32 kunye ne-ZW20 zahlukile kumsebenzi, iindlela zokusebenzisa, imilinganiselo; ukwenzela ukuba kube lula ukukhumbula kunye nokuchongwa okuchanekileyo, imilinganiselo eyahlukeneyo yemodeli ibhaliwe.
I-ZW32 kunye ne-ZW20 ziinombolo zoyilo lweesiriyali zezaphuli zesekethe zangaphandle. Umahluko wabo wangempela ngumahluko kwimbonakalo kunye nokwahluko ekusebenzeni kwe-insulation. Amazwe ahlukeneyo okanye izithili zineemfuno ezahlukeneyo, iimfuno zemodeli nazo zahlukile.
I-ZW32 uchungechunge lwangaphandle lwe-vacuum ye-breaker breaker shape luhlobo olufakwe kwipali, i-vacuum arc yokucima i-breaker circuit.
I-ZW20 uchungechunge lwangaphandle lwe-vacuum ye-breaker breaker shape luhlobo lwebhokisi eqhelekileyo, luhlobo lwesaphuli sesekethe esine-inflatable kunye nokucima i-arc yokucima, ukugquma okungcono kune-ZW32.
Yaboumsebenzi uyafana in khuselaioni yei-transformer okanyeumgca wocingo. Zombini zinokwahlulwa zibe ziintlobo zemanyuwali, zemoto okanye ezikrelekrele,njl.
Umahluko othile phakathi kwe-ZW32 kunye ne-ZW20 ngulo:
I-1.ZW32 chwetheza i-pale-mounted vacuum circuit breaker yangaphandle ye-voltage elinganisiweyo ye-12KV, isigaba sesithathu se-AC 50Hz izixhobo zangaphandle zokuhambisa amandla ombane aphezulu. Isetyenziselwa ikakhulu ukuphula kunye nokuvala umthwalo wangoku, ukulayisha ngaphezulu kwangoku kunye nesekethe emfutshane yangoku kwinkqubo yamandla. Ilungele ukukhuselwa kunye nolawulo kwinkqubo yokuhanjiswa kwamandla kwizitishi ezincinci kunye nemizi-mveliso kunye nemigodi yamashishini, kwaye ifaneleke ngakumbi kulwakhiwo lwegridi yamandla ezidolophini nasemaphandleni kunye nokuguqulwa kunye neendawo zokusebenza rhoqo. I-ZW32 i-vacuum circuit breaker ixhotyiswe nge-spring-eneji yokugcina amandla okusebenza, enokuthi iqhutywe ngesandla, ngemoto kunye nokude. Umtshini wokuzihlukanisa unokufakwa kwicala le-breaker circuit ukwenza i-high-voltage vacuum circuit breaker yangaphandle kunye ne-outdoor high-voltage isolation switch switch appliance, eyandisa ukuphuka okubonakalayo okubonakalayo kunye nokusebenza okuthembekileyo kwe-interlock. Ngokweemfuno zomsebenzisi, inokudibaniswa nomlawuli ohambelanayo ukwenza i-AC high-voltage vacuum i-recloser ezenzekelayo, i-sectioner ngokuzenzekelayo, ukunikezelwa kwamandla okusebenza ngokuzimeleyo, sisixhobo esifanelekileyo ukuqaphela ukuzenzekelayo kwenethiwekhi yokusabalalisa. Isakhiwo soguqulo lombane ophezulu sinokufakwa ngaphandle okanye ngokudibeneyo. I-ZW32-12G/1250-20, i-ZW32-12 yochungechunge oluxhonyiweyo oluxhonyiweyo lwangaphandle oluphezulu lwe-voltage vacuum i-circuit breaker yisigaba sesithathu se-AC 50hz, i-voltage elinganisiweyo ye-12kv yangaphandle yombane ophezulu wokutshintsha. I-breaker circuit yi-design entsha ye-miniaturized, isakhiwo esivaliweyo ngokupheleleyo, iteknoloji yokupakisha i-arc yokucima i-arc, ukusebenza kakuhle kokutywinwa, ubungqina bomswakama, i-anti-condensation, ilungele ukushisa okuphezulu kunye neendawo ezinomswakama. I-ZW32-12G i-circuit breaker isolation switch yokudibanisa isixhobo yenziwe nge-ZW32 i-circuit breaker + iswitshi yokuhlukanisa.
I-ZW20-12 yangaphandle ye-AC yombane ophezulu wokucandwa komda we-vacuum i-vacuum breaker yesiphaluka sisitshixo sokucandwa komsebenzisi. Ikakhulu iqulunqwe ngumzimba we-ZW20-12 we-vacuum ye-vacuum, isilawuli sokubona impazamo kunye ne-voltage yangaphandle. Ezi zintathu ziqhagamshelwe ngombane ngesokethi yokubhabha kunye nentambo yokulawula etywiniweyo yangaphandle; Ngomsebenzi wokufumanisa impazamo, umsebenzi wokukhusela kunye nokulawula umsebenzi kunye nomsebenzi wonxibelelwano, unokubona ulandelelwano lwe-zero lwangoku kunye ne-interphase i-short-circuit ye-circuit yangoku ngaphakathi nangaphandle komda wezinga le-MA, kwaye uqaphele ukususwa ngokuzenzekelayo kwesiphoso esisodwa somhlaba kunye ne-interphase. impazamo yexesha elifutshane; Imowudi yokucoca umzimba yokucima i-arc yokucima kwaye yamkele ukugqunywa kwegesi ye-SF6; itanki yerhasi etywiniweyo enobungqina bokuqhuma kunye netekhnoloji yesakhiwo sokufakelwa, ukusebenza kokutywina kukonke kugqwesileyo, igesi ye-SF6 yangaphakathi ayizuvuza, kwaye ayizuchatshazelwa yimeko yangaphandle. Indlela yokusebenza yasentlakohlaza yenziwe yancinci yaze yaphuculwa kuyilo lokusebenza, kwaye ukuthembeka komsebenzi kuphuculwe kakhulu xa kuthelekiswa nendlela yesiqhelo yasentwasahlobo; Ukuxhatshazwa koqhagamshelwano lwelophu ephambili kuncinci kwaye ukunyuka kweqondo lokushisa kuphantsi.
Ke umahluko phakathi kwezi zimbini usemkhulu kakhulu, kokubini ngenkangeleko kunye nokusebenza, kukho umahluko obalulekileyo.
Uhlobo lwe-Smart amandla ombane osebenzayo: 220V
Ulungelelwaniso lohlobo lwe-Smart: i-FTU, iipcs ezintathu zee-transformers zangoku (ezibizwa ngokudibeneyo njenge: isigaba sesithathu se-synthesized zero sequence), i-voltage transformer eyaziwa ngokuba yi-PT (umsebenzi we-PT kukuguqula i-high-voltage 10000V ibe yi-220V, kwaye emva koko inike amandla kwi-FTU ). Ulawulo olukude ekuvuleni nasekuvaleni.
Ukuqulunqwa kohlobo lwe-Manual: ii-transformers ezimbini zangoku (i-AC yokukhusela isigaba sesibini), inokuvulwa ngesandla kwaye ivalwe.
Izinto zeShell: ZW32 ngokuqhelekileyo zenziwe ngentsimbi engenasici; I-ZW20 inepleyiti eqengqelekayo ebandayo yokutshiza, intsimbi engenasici.
Zombini zingaphandle kwe-high-voltage vacuum breaker, ixabiso le-ZW32 liphezulu xa lithelekiswa ne-ZW20. Ukukhetha okuthe ngqo kusekelwe kwiimeko zokusingqongileyo, kunye neemfuno zenkampani nganye eluncedo.
Iiswitshi ezixhonywe kwiipali zangaphandle kwi-10kV iintambo zokusasaza phezulu zisetyenziswa kuthungelwano losasazo lwasezidolophini nasemaphandleni njengesixhobo sokutshintshela ngoomatshini sokuqhawula, ukuvala nokuthwala imisinga yomthwalo wentambo kunye nemisinga yokusilela. I-breaker circuit yesiqhelo efakwe kwipali (umda we-demarcation switch) ihlelwe ngokukodwa ngumzimba wokutshintsha + i-FTU. Iseti yokuqala neyesibini yokudibanisa i-column-mounted circuit breaker ilungelelaniswe ngokubanzi ngumzimba wokutshintsha + i-FTU (i-terminal ye-automation terminal) enezinzwa.
1, Ukuhlelwa kokutshintsha ikholamu
Ngokutsho kweendawo zokuqhawula umthamo:
a. Ikholamu yokuqhawula umdibaniso: ayinakuvala, ivule kwaye yaphule umthwalo oqhelekileyo wangoku, kukho ukwaphuka okucacileyo, okusetyenziselwa ukugcinwa komgca wedwa.
b. Ukutshintsha komthwalo kwikholamu: ekwaziyo ukuvala, ukuthwala kunye nokuphula umthwalo oqhelekileyo wangoku (≤630A), ekwazi ukuthwala kodwa ingaphuli impazamo yangoku.
c. I-breaker-circuit breaker: i-switchgear ekwazi ukuvala, ukuthwala kunye nokuphula umthwalo oqhelekileyo wangoku (≤630A) kunye nephutha langoku (≥20kA).
d. I-Fuse kwikholamu: ukuphula i-short-circuit current, khusela umgca
Indlela yokucima i-arc: ukucima i-arc ye-vacuum, ukucima i-arc ye-SF6, ukucima i-oyile ye-arc (iphelile)
I-Insulation: ukugqunywa komoya, ukugqunywa kwegesi ye-SF6, ukugqunywa kwe-composite, ukugquma kwe-oyile (kuyekiwe)
Yahlulwe ngokuhambelana nesilawuli esifakelwe:
a. Umda wokutshintshela umda: i-transformer yokulandelelanisa i-zero eyakhelweyo, kunye nomsebenzi wokukhusela ulandelelwano lwe-zero, kunye nokutshintsha komthwalo okanye i-breaker circuit.
b. Ukutshintsha komthwalo wohlobo lwe-voltage: inokuvula ngokuzenzekelayo kwaye ivale isango ngokutshintsha kombane womgca kumacala omabini.
c. Ukutshintsha komthwalo okwindawo esembindini: Ayinakuvula ngokusebenzayo kwaye ivale izaphuli zangoku ezimfutshane.
Igesi yokugquma i-SF6 yirhasi engenambala, ayinavumba, ayinayo ityhefu, irhasi engatshiyo, kwaye ineempawu ezigqwesileyo zokufakelwa kombane kunye neempawu zokucima i-arc, ubuninzi obuphindwe ka-5 kunomoya, kwaye akukho lula ukuvuza.
2. Isitshixo sokuqhawula kwikholamu kwikholamu
Ikholamu yodwa yokutshintsha, ekwabizwa ngokuba yisango lemela yodwa, luhlobo lwezixhobo zokulawula ngaphandle kwesixhobo sokucima i-arc, umsebenzi walo ophambili kukukwahlula unikezelo lwamandla ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwezinye izixhobo zombane, ngoko ke akuvumelekanga ukusebenza nomthwalo. . Nangona kunjalo, phantsi kweemeko ezithile, kuvunyelwe ukudibanisa okanye ukukhupha iisekethe ezincinci zamandla. Sesinye sezona zixhobo zombane zisetyenziswa rhoqo phakathi kokutshintsha kombane ophezulu.
Column ukwahlula iswitshi ingasetyenziselwa umgca isixhobo ukucima ukugcinwa, ukufumana imposiso, uvavanyo cable, ukwakhiwa ngokutsha indlela yokusebenza, njl, tsala uvule ikholamu ukwahlula iswitshi kungenza imfuneko izixhobo zogcino kunye nezinye ulayini ukubaleka wedwa, ukusekwa koluhlu umsantsa othembekileyo wokugquma, ukunika abasebenzi banokubonwa ngokucacileyo uphawu lokuqhawula, ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukhuseleko lokugcinwa okanye umsebenzi wovavanyo. Iinzuzo ze-disconnectors ezifakwe kwikholomu zixabiso eliphantsi, ukulula kunye nokuqina. Ngokuqhelekileyo isetyenziswa njengokutshintsha komda kumalungelo epropathi yomgca we-ariya kunye nomsebenzisi, kwaye njengokutshintsha komda wentambo yomgca wentambo kunye nomgca ophezulu, kwaye unokufakwa kwicala elinye okanye kumacala omabini omthwalo woqhagamshelwano lomgca. ukutshintshela ukuququzelela ukufunyanwa kwempazamo, uvavanyo lwentambo kunye nokugcinwa endaweni yokutshintshwa komthwalo woqhagamshelwano, njl.
Umtshini wokuqhawula unxibelelwano awukwazi ukusebenza kunye nomthwalo olinganisiweyo okanye umthwalo omkhulu, kwaye awukwazi ukwahlula kunye nokuvala umthwalo wangoku kunye nombane omfutshane. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ngexesha lokusebenza kokunikezelwa kwamandla, ukutshitshiswa kokudibanisa kuvaliwe kuqala, kulandelwa ngumqhubi wesiphaluka okanye ukutshintshwa komthwalo; ngexesha lomsebenzi wokungaphumeleli kwamandla, i-breaker circuit okanye i-switch switch inqanyuliwe kuqala kwaye emva koko i-switch yokuqhawula.
Umtshini wokuqhawula unokuthwala ngokuthembekileyo ukusebenza kwangoku kunye nomzuzwana omfutshane, kodwa awukwazi ukuphula umthwalo wangoku. Iyakwazi ukuvula nokuvala i-transformer engalayishwanga kunye ne-excitation current engekho ngaphezu kwe-2A kunye nomgca ongalayishwanga kunye ne-capacitance current engekho ngaphezu kwe-5A. Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-dynamic stabilizing current of the disconnecting switch ayidluli i-40kA, kwaye ingqwalasela kufuneka ihlawulwe kwi-calibration xa ukhetha i-switch disconnecting. Ubomi bokusebenza be-disconnectors malunga nemijikelo ye-2000.
3, Ukutshintsha komthwalo weKholam
Ukutshintsha komthwalo wekholomu sisixhobo esilula sokucima i-arc, sinokulayishwa kunye nolawulo lwezixhobo zombane ukuhlula kunye nokuvala isiphaluka. Inokunqumla umthamo othile wangoku kunye nomthwalo ogqithisiweyo wangoku, kodwa ayikwazi ukunqumla i-short-circuit current, kwaye kufuneka isetyenziswe kuthotho kunye ne-high-pressure fuse ukunqumla i-short-circuit current ngoncedo lwe-fuse.
Ukutshintsha komthwalo luhlobo lwesixhobo sokutshintsha phakathi kokuqhawula umtshini kunye ne-breaker circuit, ikakhulu esetyenziselwa ukwahlula umgca kunye nokuhlukaniswa kwempazamo.
Kukho ubukhulu becala iiswitshi zomthwalo ovelisa igesi, ivacuum kunye nokutshintsha komthwalo weSF6. Ukutshintsha komthwalo wokuvelisa igesi kukusetyenziswa kwezinto eziqinileyo zokuvelisa igesi eziqulethwe kwi-slits kwi-arc phantsi kwesenzo senani elikhulu leegesi zokwenza i-arc yokuvuthela igesi, ngenxa yesakhiwo sayo esilula, ixabiso eliphantsi kwaye lalisetyenziswe ngokubanzi. I-Vacuum, i-SF6 yokutshintsha umthwalo kunye ne-vacuum, i-SF6 ye-circuit breaker shape, i-parameters iyafana, umahluko kukuba i-switch switch ayixhotyiswanga ngokhuseleko lwe-CT, ayikwazi ukuvula i-short-circuit current, kodwa inokumelana ne-short-circuit current, vala i-short-circuit current, kunye nobomi benkonzo ende, iimpawu ezingenalo ukugcinwa, ubomi bomatshini, ukulinganisa ukuvulwa kwangoku kunye namaxesha okuvala amaxesha angaphezu kwama-10,000, afanelekileyo ekusebenzeni rhoqo.
Utshintsho lomthwalo wekholamu olusetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kumsebenzi lusetyenziswa ngokubanzi ukutshintshwa komthwalo wekholamu. Isitshixo somthwalo wevacuum sisebenzisa ukucima i-arc ye-arc, i-SF6 ukugquma, uhlobo lwebhokisi yesigaba esithathu, i-VSP5 yombane okanye indlela yokusebenza yasentwasahlobo, i-transformer yangoku inokwakhelwa ngaphakathi, intambo okanye i-terminal outlet, inokwakhelwa ikhefu lokuzihlukanisa, ukuxhoma okanye ukufakela ukuhlala. . Njengoko kubonisiwe kulo mfanekiso ungezantsi:
Ukongeza ekusebenziseni ikholamu SF6 umthwalo switsha ulwelo kakhulu ezimbalwa. Ukutshintsha komthwalo we-SF6 kunye nokucima i-arc ye-SF6, ukugquma kwe-SF6, isigaba sesithathu sohlobo lwebhokisi eqhelekileyo, i-transformer yangoku inokwakhelwa ngaphakathi, ikhebula okanye i-terminal outlet, ngaphandle inokuxhotyiswa ngesixhobo sokuzikhethela, ukuxhoma okanye ukufakwa kohlobo lokuhlala.
4, Ikholamu yesekethe umaphuli
I-Circuit breaker sisixhobo sokutshintsha esinokuvala, ukuthwala kunye nokuvula umsinga phantsi kweemeko zesiphaluka eziqhelekileyo kwaye unokuvala, ukuthwala nokuvula umsinga phantsi kweemeko zesiphaluka ezingaqhelekanga ngexesha elithile. I-Circuit breaker ingasetyenziselwa ukusasaza amandla, ukuqala ngokungaqhelekanga iinjini ze-asynchronous, iintambo zamandla kunye neenjini, njl.njl. ukuphumeza ukhuseleko, xa zivela kakhulu umthwalo onzima okanye i-short-circuit kunye ne-under-voltage kunye nezinye iimpazamo zinokunqumla ngokuzenzekelayo isekethe, umsebenzi ulingana nohlobo lokutshintsha kwe-fuse kunye nokudityaniswa kwe-over-and under-thermal relays njalo njalo.
I-Column circuit breaker yi-breaker circuit efakwe kwaye iqhutywe kwipali, eyaziwa ngokuba yi "watchdog", luhlobo lwezixhobo zokutshintsha ezinokunqumla okanye ukudibanisa umgca phantsi kweemeko eziqhelekileyo, kwaye utshintshe umgca ophosakeleyo ngesandla okanye ngokuzenzekelayo ngokusebenzisa ukusebenza okanye indima yesixhobo sokukhusela i-relay xa umgca umfutshane kwaye unempazamo. Umahluko oyintloko phakathi kwee-circuit breakers kunye nokutshintsha komthwalo kukuba ii-circuit breakers zingasetyenziselwa ukuvula i-short-circuit current. I-Column circuit breaker isetyenziselwa ubukhulu becala ukuhanjiswa kwecandelo lekhefu lomgca, ukulawula, ukukhuselwa, kunokuvula nokuvala i-current-circuit current.
I-column circuit breaker ngokwe-arc yokucima i-medium esetyenzisiweyo, inokwahlulwa ibe yi-oil circuit breakers (i-basic elimination), i-sulphur hexafluoride (SF6) i-circuit breakers, i-vacuum circuit breakers.
Iprojekthi yenethiwekhi yokusasazwa koqobo usebenzisa i-sulphur hexafluoride (SF6) ii-circuit breakers kunye ne-vacuum circuit breakers zingaphezulu, kwaye ngoku imigca yokusasaza kwi-breaker yesekethe isetyenziswa ikakhulu kwi-AC yangaphandle i-high-voltage ehlakaniphile i-vacuum breakers, i-intelligent vacuum breakers kunye nokufumanisa impazamo. umsebenzi, ukhuseleko kunye nokulawula imisebenzi kunye nemisebenzi yonxibelelwano. Ifakelwe ngokubanzi kwindawo yokucanda umgca ongaphezulu we-10kV, inokuqonda ukususwa ngokutsha okuzenzekelayo, ukubekwa phantsi kwesigaba esinye kunye nokwahlulwa okuzenzekelayo kweempazamo zesekethe emfutshane, yeyona mveliso ifanelekileyo yokwakhiwa ngokutsha kwentambo yokuhambisa kunye nolwakhiwo oluzenzekelayo lothungelwano.
I-Intelligent vacuum breaker yesekethe inokuqhutywa ngesandla, ngombane, ngokulawulwa kude kunye ne-remote host. I-breaker circuit iqulethwe ngamacandelo amathathu: umzimba, indlela yokusebenza kunye nomlawuli (umtshintshi wokuzihlukanisa unokwakhelwa ngaphakathi). Umqhubi wesiphaluka unokuxhotyiswa nge-CT (i-transformer yangoku yokukhusela), i-ZCT (i-zero sequence current transformer), u (i-voltage transformer) njenge-detector yomlawuli ngokwemfuno.
I-vacuum circuit breaker ngokwezixhobo zokugquma ngokupheleleyo zine-SF6 insulated vacuum circuit breaker kunye ne-air insulated vacuum circuit breaker. I-SF6 i-vacuum ye-vacuum breaker ithatha i-vacuum interrupter, i-SF6 yokugquma, uhlobo lwebhokisi eqhelekileyo yesigaba ezintathu, yamkele indlela yokusebenza yasentwasahlobo, i-transformer yangoku inokwakhelwa ngaphakathi, intambo okanye i-terminal ngaphandle komgca, isixhobo sangaphandle sokuzikhethela, ukuxhoma okanye ukuhlala. uhlobo lofakelo. I-air-insulated vacuum breaker circuit ithatha ukucima i-arc yokucima, ukugquma komoya, isigaba sesithathu sodidi oluqinileyo olutywiniweyo lwepali, yamkela intwasahlobo okanye indlela yokusebenza yemagnethi esisigxina, i-transformer yangoku inokwakhelwa ngaphakathi, intambo okanye i-terminal outlet, isixhobo sangaphandle sokuzikhethela. , ehleli uhlobo ufakelo.
5, i-Drop-in fuse
I-fuse ewelayo eyaziwa ngokuba yi-Link, yi-10kV umgca wesebe lokusabalalisa umgca wesebe kunye ne-transformer yokusabalalisa idla ngokusetyenziswa ukutshintshwa kokhuseleko lwesekethe emfutshane. Inoqoqosho, kulula ukuyisebenzisa, ukulungelelanisa imeko yangaphandle kunye nezinye iimpawu, isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwimigca yokusabalalisa i-10kV kunye nokusabalalisa i-transformers njengecala eliphambili lokukhusela kunye nezixhobo zokuphosa, ukusika umsebenzi.
I-fuse yokulahla efakwe kwi-10kV umgca wesebe lokusasaza umgca wesebe, unokunciphisa umda wokuhamba kwamandla, kuba ine-high-voltage drop fyuzi ecacileyo yokuqhawula indawo, kunye nomsebenzi wokutshintshela ukwahlula, ukuya kwicandelo lokugcinwa komgca kunye nezixhobo zokudala. indawo yokusebenza ekhuselekileyo, ukwandisa ukhuseleko lwabasebenzi bokulondoloza. Ifakwe kwi-transformer yokusabalalisa, ingasetyenziselwa ukhuseleko oluphambili lwe-transformer yokusabalalisa, ngoko ke iye yaziwa kakhulu kwimizila yokusabalalisa i-10kV kunye nokusabalalisa ukusabalalisa.
I-fuse inokufakwa kwicala lamandla lokutshintsha komthwalo okanye kwicala elinamandla lokutshintsha komthwalo. Xa kungeyomfuneko ukulahla rhoqo i-fuse, kunqweneleka ukwamkela ilungiselelo langaphambili ukuze kusetyenziswe umsebenzi wokutshintsha komthwalo njengokutshintsha kokuqhawula, kwaye uyisebenzise ukwahlula i-voltage eyongeziweyo kwi-fuse yokunciphisa yangoku.
Ukubunjwa kwe-fuse ewayo ikakhulu kubandakanya isigqubuthelo, isitulo esisezantsi sokuxhasa, ukunxibelelana okusezantsi okushukumayo, ukunxibelelana okusezantsi kwe-static, ipleyiti yokukhwela, unxibelelwano oluphezulu lwe-static, i-duckbill, unxibelelwano olungaphezulu olushukumayo, ityhubhu ye-fuse njalo njalo.
6. Umahluko kwizitshixo zekholamu
Iiyantlukwano eziphambili zezi zilandelayo:
Umtshini wokuqhawula unxibelelwano awunaso isixhobo sokucima i-arc, ngoko ke ulungele ukusika umsinga ngaphandle komthwalo, kwaye awukwazi ukunqumla umthwalo wangoku kunye nombane omfutshane, ngoko ke isixhobo sokucima unxibelelwano sinokuqhutywa ngokukhuselekileyo phantsi kwemeko. yokuqhawula ukhuseleko lwesiphaluka, kwaye akuvumelekanga ukusebenza ngomthwalo, ukuze ungabangeli ingozi yokhuseleko.
Umthwalo wokutshintsha ngenxa yesixhobo sokucima i-arc, kunye nesakhono esithile sokucima i-arc, kodwa singenamandla njengesakhono sokucima i-arc breaker yesiphaluka, unokwahlula i-current yesiqhelo yokusebenza, isiphaluka esifutshane, unokukwazi ukumelana nokuthe cwaka kwi-short-circuit current. ukuba eli xesha ngesandla okanye ngombane ukukhubeka kunokuthi kuqhume, ngoko ke iswitshi yomthwalo isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kunye nefuse yokunciphisa yangoku (isitshixo somthwalo + ifuse ayilulo uqwalaselo oluqhelekileyo, kodwa ayinakusetyenziswa ngefuse) Kwimeko yomthwalo ogqithisileyo. okanye i-short-circuit isekethe yaphulwa yi-fuse. Ukuze ugcine iindleko, ukutshintshwa komthwalo + i-fuse ingasetyenziselwa endaweni ye-breaker circuit.
I-breaker circuit inamandla okucima i-arc eqinile, kwaye inokucofa umjelo osebenzayo oqhelekileyo kunye nephutha langoku. Umsebenzi wokukhusela we-breaker circuit ufezekiswa ngesixhobo sokukhusela i-relay. I-high-voltage circuit breakers ayinazo izixhobo ze-low-voltage circuit breakers ezifana nokukhululwa kwe-thermal, ukukhutshwa kwamagnetic, ukukhutshwa kwe-voltage ephantsi, njl.n i-breaker yenza kuphela ukwaphuka ngokuhambelana nomyalelo wokukhusela i-relay. Ukutshintsha komthwalo kunye neemela zokuqhawula nazo akufuneki ukuba zinike imiyalelo kubo xa umgca uphosakeleyo ngenxa yokuba abanako ukuphula impazamo yangoku. I-breaker circuit is switch with high arc ikhono lokucima kwaye kufuneka isetyenziswe ngokubambisana nesixhobo sokukhusela i-relay.
Ngoku sinokugqiba ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
Ukuqhawula uqhagamshelo - unokuvula kuphela kwaye uqhagamshele inkqubo akukho-umthwalo wangoku, kwaye njengeyona nkqubo iphambili yokuqhawula uqhagamshelo olucacileyo, kwinkqubo yolondolozo njengenkqubo ecacileyo yokuqhawula uqhagamshelo. Iimodeli ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo: GW9, HGW9, GW4, GW5, njl.
Ukutshintshela ukulayisha - kunokuvula nokuvala inkqubo yomthwalo oqhelekileyo wangoku, kodwa ayikwazi ukwaphula impazamo yenkqubo yangoku. Iimodeli ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo: FZW32
I-Circuit breaker-Inokuvula kwaye ivale umthwalo oqhelekileyo wangoku wenkqubo, kodwa ingavula kwaye ivale impazamo kunye ne-short-circuit current yenkqubo. Iimodeli ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo: ZW32, ZW20, ZW7, ZW8, LW3, njl.
